Les 1
Lessons From Birch And Spruce
Birch twigs were used as wands to cast protective spells over the cattle in Finland and Russia. These "wands" were used to guard cows, and the milk they produced was thought to be superior to birch sap. Some nations in Southern Europe also followed a similar tradition.
In Finnish folklore and mythology, the spruce tree is connected to the moon and night and pines are trees of the sun and the day. Perhaps this has something to do with the Finnish word for the moon - kuu. The Finnish word for spruce, kuusi, is a proto-Finno Ugric word.
Les 2
Lessons From Apple And Larch
Apple tree is connected to the elements of earth and water. Apple tree is a feminine tree and connected to the planet Venus. Apple symbolizes fertlity, love, beauty, nature and wisdom and it is a sacred tree for multiple goddesses such as Aphrodite, Selene, Freija, Tawret, Saraswati and mother nature.
Larch is a masculine tree, connected to the elements of fire and earth and to the planet Mercury. It is connected to the gods of wisdom and often to different ruler gods such as Ipmil, Odin, The Bear in Finnish mythology, Veles and Perun from Baltic countries, and Wotan the old Germanic god.
Les 3
Lessons From Linden And Pine
Linden is pretty easy to recognize from it's beautiful heart-shaped leaves. The tree blooms between July and August and it's flowers has a sweet scent. From all broad leaved trees in Finland, linden is most wide spread. It can grow also in much northern areas than many other broad leaved trees. Linden was a sacred tree for druids, slavs and different Germanic tribes. It grew many holy groves.
A pine was a common merkkipuu - mark tree. When a person passed away a large piece of bark was removed, and person’s date of birth and date of death were carved into the tree. These trees worked like gravestones; they also reminded deceased people that they belonged to the world of the dead, not to the world of the living.
Les 4
Lessons From Lilac, Willow And Oak
Lilac is a feminine tree connected to the water element. It symbolizes peace and serenity. Scent of the lilac is believed to drive away malicent people, thieves, witches and tricksters. Many years ago, men who tricked ladies used to give them lilacs, so that they would not raise doubts. In England lilac is also known as ”fox's tail because of this very reason.
Folk magicians and shamans made tea with willow bark. It was used to heal rheumatism and headaches, and to reduce fevers. Before the spread of Christianity, in Western Finland, there was a custom to collect willow branches in a bowl and the position of the branches was used to forecast the weather.
Oak has been a sacred tree in many countries and cultures. Oak leaves have appeared in flags, coins and coats of arms. It was a sacred tree for many germanic and Celtic tribes. Oak symbolizes wisdom, stability, loyalty and inner peace.
Les 5
Christmas Tree And The Forest Blanket
The earliest tale of the forest blanket is a cautionary tale. Avoid becoming lost in the forest if you can, as fairies and elves will curse you and make it impossible for you to find your way back. Someone becomes sidetracked by something. Maybe they spot a wisp of willow and choose to follow it. They enter the magical world, where everything is turned around. 50 years may have elapsed by the time they find their way back to the human world.
For the winter solstice, homes were decorated with evergreen branches. They were a promise of the returning spring. Germanic tribes cut down a tree to make a Yule log and the leftover pine cones and branches were used for decorating.