Bigfoot | Gentle Bedtime Reading For Sleep

Relax with this calm bedtime reading designed to ease insomnia and restless nights. If you’re struggling to fall asleep, let this soothing exploration of Bigfoot help you drift off peacefully.

Discover the history, folklore, and scientific investigations surrounding the mysterious creature known as Bigfoot. You’ll learn about reported sightings, cultural influences, and theories—all in Benjamin’s gentle, steady voice. There’s no whispering or hypnosis here—just calm, educational storytelling to help you relax and quiet your mind. Ideal for those coping with sleeplessness, stress, or nighttime anxiety. Press play, get cozy, and let your thoughts wander into the forest.

Happy sleeping!

Transcript

Welcome to the I Can't Sleep podcast,

Where I help you drift off one fact at a time.

I'm your host,

Benjamin Boster,

And today's episode is about Bigfoot.

Bigfoot,

Also commonly referred to as Sasquatch,

Is a large,

Hairy,

Mythical creature said to inhabit forests in North America,

Particularly in the Pacific Northwest.

Bigfoot is featured in both American and Canadian folklore,

And since the mid-20th century has become a cultural icon,

Permeating popular culture and becoming the subject of its own distinct subculture.

Enthusiasts of Bigfoot,

Such as those within the pseudoscience of cryptozoology,

Have offered various forms of dubious evidence to support Bigfoot's existence,

Including anecdotal claims of sightings,

As well as supposed photographs,

Video and audio recordings,

Hair samples,

And casts of large footprints.

However,

The evidence is a combination of folklore,

Misidentification,

And hoax,

And the creature is not a living animal.

Folklorists trace the phenomenon of Bigfoot to a combination of factors and sources,

Including the European wildman figure,

Folktales,

And indigenous cultures.

Examples of similar folktales of wild,

Hair-covered humanoids exist throughout the world,

Such as the skunk ape of the southeastern United States,

The Almas,

Yeren,

And Yeti in Asia,

The Australian Yowie,

And creatures in the mythologies of indigenous people.

Wishful thinking,

A cultural increase in environmental concerns,

And overall societal awareness of the subject have been cited as additional factors.

Bigfoot is often described as a large,

Muscular,

And bipedal human or ape-like creature,

Covered in black,

Dark brown,

Or dark reddish hair.

Anecdotal descriptions estimate a height of roughly 6 to 9 feet,

With some descriptions having the creature standing as tall as 10 to 15 feet.

Some alleged observations describe Bigfoot as more human than ape,

Particularly in the regard to the face.

In 1971,

Multiple people in the Dalles,

Oregon,

Filed a police report describing an overgrown ape,

And one of the men claimed to have sighted the creature in the scope of his rifle,

But could not bring himself to shoot it,

Because it looked more human than animal.

Common descriptions include broad shoulders,

No visible neck,

And long arms,

Which many skeptics attribute to misidentification of a bear standing upright.

Some alleged nighttime sightings have stated the creature's eyes glowed yellow or red.

However,

Eyeshine is not present in humans or any other known great apes,

And so proposed explanations for observable eyeshine off of the ground in the forest include owls,

Raccoons,

Or opossums perched in foliage.

Michael Rugg,

The owner of the Bigfoot Discovery Museum,

Claims to have smelled Bigfoot,

Stating,

Imagine a skunk that had rolled around in dead animals and had hung around the garbage pits.

The enormous footprints for which the creature is named are claimed to be as large as 24 inches long and 8 inches wide.

Some footprint casts have also contained claw marks,

Making it likely that they came from known animals such as bears,

Which have five toes and claws.

Ecologist Robert Pyle argues that most cultures have accounts of human-like giants in their folk history,

Expressing a need for some larger-than-life creature.

Each language had its name for the creature featured in the local version of such legends.

Many names mean something like wild man or hairy man,

Although other names described common actions that it was said to perform,

Such as eating clams or shaking trees.

European folklore traditionally had many instances of the wild man of the woods,

Or wild people,

Often described as a creature covered in hair with only the face,

Feet,

And hands,

And in some cases the knees and elbows remaining bare.

These European wild people ranged from human hermits to human-like monsters.

Upon migrating to North America,

Myths of the wild people persisted,

With documented sightings of wild people reported in what is now New York State and Pennsylvania.

A 2007 paper titled,

Images of the Wild Man Inside and Outside Europe,

Stated,

To be sure,

The modern Sasquatch is largely the product of a European-derived culture,

As possibly to an even greater extent in the Australian yahoo.

Accordingly,

Traces of the European wild man are discernible in both figures.

Yet the Sasquatch is partly rooted in Amerindian representations of hairy hominoids,

Even though the relationship between these,

Which are often described as small,

And the giant Sasquatch of the popular Canadian and American imagination,

Is hardly straightforward.

Many of the indigenous cultures across the North American continent include tales of mysterious hair-covered creatures living in forests.

And according to anthropologist David Degling,

These legends existed long before contemporary reports of the creature described as Bigfoot.

These stories differed in their details regionally and between families in the same community,

And are particularly prevalent in the Pacific Northwest.

Chief Michelle of the Nklaukama at Lytton,

British Columbia,

Told such a story to Charles Hill Tout in 1898.

On the Thule River Indian Reservation,

Petroglyphs created by a tribe of Yokuts at a site called Painted Rock are alleged by Kathy Moskowitz Strain,

Author of the 2008 book Giants,

Cannibals,

Monsters,

Bigfoot and Native Culture,

To depict a group of Bigfoots called the family.

The largest glyph is called Hairy Man,

And they are estimated to be 1,

000 years old.

According to the Tulare County Board of Education in 1975,

Bigfoot,

The Hairy Man,

Was a creature that was like a great big giant with long shaggy hair.

His long shaggy hair made him look like a big animal.

He was good in a way because he ate the animals that might harm people,

And Yokuts' parents warned their children not to venture near the river at night where they may encounter the creature.

Sixteenth-century Spanish explorers and Mexican settlers told tales of the Los Vigilantes Oscuros,

Or Dark Watchers,

Large creatures alleged to stalk their camps at night.

In the region that is now Mississippi,

A Jesuit priest was living with the Natchez in 1721 and reported stories of hairy creatures in the forest known to scream loudly and steal livestock.

In 1929,

Indian agent and teacher J.

W.

Burns,

Who lived and worked with the Stylus Nation,

Then called the Chehalis First Nation,

Published a collection of stories titled Introducing B.

C.

's Hairy Giants,

A collection of strange tales about British Columbia's wild men,

As told by those who say they have seen them,

In Maclean's Magazine.

The stories offered various anecdotal reports of wild people,

Including an encounter a tribal member had with a hairy wild woman who could speak the language of the Douglas First Nation.

Burns coined the term Sasquatch,

Believed to be the anglicized version of Saskitz,

Roughly translating to hairy man in the Halkomelem language.

Burns describes the Sasquatch as a tribe of hairy people whom they claim have always lived in the mountains,

In tunnels,

And caves.

The folklore of the Cherokee includes tales of the Tsulkalu,

Who were described as slant-eyed giants that resided in the Appalachian Mountains and is sometimes associated with Bigfoot.

Members of the Lummi tell tales about creatures known as the Samequis.

The stories are similar to each other in the general descriptions of Samequis,

But details differed among various family accounts concerning the creatures' diet and activities.

Some regional versions tell of more threatening creatures.

The Stiyaha or Kwikwiyai were a nocturnal race.

The Iroquois tell of an aggressive,

Hair-covered giant with rock-hard skin,

Known as the Utniyohe or stone giant,

More commonly referred to as Janoskwa.

U.

S.

President Theodore Roosevelt,

In his 1893 book The Wilderness Hunter,

Writes of a story he was told by an elderly mountain man named Bauman in which a foul-smelling,

Bipedal creature ransacked his beaver-trapping camp.

Roosevelt notes that Bauman appeared fearful while telling the story,

But attributed the trapper's German ancestry to have potentially influenced him.

The Alutiik of the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska tell of the Nantinak,

A Bigfoot-like creature.

Less menacing versions have been recorded,

Such as one by Reverend Elkana Walker in 1840.

Walker was a Protestant missionary who recorded stories of giants among the natives living near Spokane,

Washington.

These giants were said to live on and around the peaks of the nearby mountains,

Stealing salmon from the fishermen's nets.

On July 16,

1924,

An article in The Oregonian made national news when a story was published describing a conflict between a group of gold prospectors and a group of ape men in a gorge near Mount St.

Helens.

The prospectors reported encountering guerrilla men near their remote cabin.

That night they reported coming under attack by the creatures who were said to have thrown large rocks at the cabin,

Damaging the roof and knocking back unconscious.

The men fled the area the following morning.

The U.

S.

Forest Service investigated the site of the alleged incident.

The investigators found no compelling evidence of the event and concluded it was likely a fabrication.

Stories of large,

Hair-covered bipedal ape men or mountain devils have been a persistent piece of folklore in the area for centuries prior to the alleged incident.

Today the area is known as Ape Canyon in recognition of its status in Bigfoot lore.

In 1958,

Jerry Crew,

Bulldozer operator for a logging company in Humboldt County,

California,

Discovered a set of large,

16-inches human-like footprints sunk deep within the mud in the Six Rivers National Forest.

Upon informing his co-workers,

Many claimed to have seen similar tracks on previous job sites,

As well as telling of odd incidents,

Such as an oil drum weighing 450 pounds having been moved without explanation.

The logging company men soon began using the word Bigfoot to describe the apparent culprit.

Crew and others initially believed someone was playing a prank on them.

After observing more of these massive footprints,

He contacted reporter Andrew Gonzoli of the Humboldt Times newspaper.

Gonzoli interviewed lumber workers and wrote articles about the mysterious footprints,

Introducing the name Bigfoot in relation to the tracks and the locale tales of large,

Hairy wild men.

A plaster cast was made of the footprints,

And Crew appeared holding one of the casts on the front page of the newspaper on October 6,

1958.

The story spread rapidly as Gonzoli began to receive correspondence from major media outlets,

Including the New York Times and Los Angeles Times.

As a result,

The term Bigfoot became widespread as a reference to any apparently large,

Unknown creature leaving massive footprints in Northern California.

In 2002,

The family of Jerry Crew's deceased co-worker Ray Wallace revealed a collection of large,

Carved wooden feet stored in his basement.

They stated that Wallace had been secretly making the footprints and was responsible for the tracks discovered by Crew.

Wallace was inspired by another hoaxer,

Rant Mullins,

Who revealed information about his hoaxes in 1982.

In the 1930s in Toledo,

Washington,

Mullins and a group of other foresters carved pairs of large feet made of wood and used them to create footprints in the mud to scare huckleberry pickers in the Gifford-Pinchot National Forest.

The group would also claim to be responsible for hoaxing the alleged Ape Canyon incident in 1924.

Mullins and the group of foresters began referring to themselves as the St.

Helens Apes and would later have a cave dedicated to them.

Wallace,

Also from Toledo,

Knew Mullins and stated he collaborated with him to obtain a pair of the large wooden feet and subsequently used them to create footprints on the 1958 construction site as a means to scare away potential thieves.

In the 1830s,

A Wyandotte chief was nicknamed Bigfoot due to his significant size,

Strength,

And large feet.

Ottawatamie Chief Momsuk,

Also known as Chief Bigfoot,

Is today synonymous with the area of Walworth County,

Wisconsin and has a state park and school named for him.

William A.

A.

Wallace,

A famous 19th century Texas ranger,

Was nicknamed Bigfoot due to his large feet and today has a town named for him,

Bigfoot,

Texas.

Lakota leader Spotted Elk was also called Chief Bigfoot.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries,

At least two enormous marauding grizzly bears were widely noted in the press and each nicknamed Bigfoot.

Many regions throughout North America have differentiating names for Bigfoot.

In Canada,

The name Sasquatch is widely used in addition to Bigfoot.

The United States uses both of these names but also has numerous names and descriptions of the creatures depending on the area in which they are allegedly sighted.

These include the skunk ape in Florida and other southern states,

The Ohio grassman in Ohio,

Oak monster in Arkansas,

Wood booger in Virginia,

The monster of Whitehall in Whitehall,

New York,

Momo in Missouri,

Honey Island Swamp Monster in Louisiana,

Dewey Lake Monster in Michigan,

Mogollon Monster in Arizona,

The Big Muddy Monster in southern Illinois,

And the Old Men of the Mountain in West Virginia.

The term wood ape is also used by some as a means to deviate from the perceived mythical connotation surrounding the name Bigfoot.

Other names include Bushman,

Treeman,

And Wildman.

On October 20,

1967,

Bigfoot enthusiast Roger Patterson and his partner Robert Bob Gimlin were filming a Bigfoot docudrama in an area called Bluff Creek in northern California.

The pair claimed they came upon a Bigfoot and filmed the encounter.

The 59.

5 second long video dubbed the Patterson-Gimlin film PGF has become iconic in popular culture and Bigfoot related history and lore.

The PGF continues to be a highly scrutinized,

Analyzed,

And debated subject.

Academic experts from related fields have typically judged the film as providing no supportive data of any scientific value,

With perhaps the most common proposed explanation being that it was a hoax.

Various explanations have been suggested for sightings and offer conjecture on what existing animal has been misidentified in supposed sightings of Bigfoot.

Scientists typically attribute sightings to hoaxes or misidentifications of known animals in their tracks,

Particularly black bears.

Scientists theorize the mistaken identification of American black bears as Bigfoot are a likely explanation for most reported sightings,

Particularly when observers view a subject from afar,

Are in dense foliage,

Or there are poor lighting conditions.

Additionally,

Black bears have been observed and recorded walking upright,

Often as a result of an injury.

While upright,

Adult black bears stand roughly 5 to 7 feet,

And grizzly bears roughly 8 to 9 feet.

According to data scientist Flo Foxson,

More people report seeing Bigfoot in areas with documented black bear populations.

Foxson concludes,

If Bigfoot is there,

It may be many bears.

Foxson acknowledges that alleged Bigfoot sightings have been reported in areas with minimal or no known black bear populations.

She states,

Although this may be interpreted as evidence for the existence of an unknown hominid in North America,

It is also explained by a misidentification of other animals,

Including humans,

Among other possibilities.

Some have proposed that sightings of Bigfoot may simply be people observing and misidentifying known great apes,

Such as chimpanzees,

Gorillas,

And orangutans.

Orangutans that have escaped from captivity,

Such as zoos,

Circuses,

And exotic pets belonging to private owners.

This explanation is often proposed in relation to the skunk ape,

As some scientists argue the humid subtropical climate of the southeastern United States could potentially support a population of escaped apes.

Humans have been mistaken for Bigfoot,

With some incidents leading to injuries.

In 2017,

A shamanist wearing clothing made of animal furs was vacationing in a North Carolina forest,

When local reports of alleged Bigfoot sightings flooded in.

Additionally,

Some have attributed feral humans or hermits living in the wilderness as being another explanation for alleged Bigfoot sightings.

One story,

The Wild Man of the Navidad,

Tells of a wild ape man who roamed the wilderness of eastern Texas in the mid-19th century,

Stealing food and goods from residents.

Some have proposed that pareidolia may explain Bigfoot sightings,

Specifically the tendency to observe human-like faces and figures within the natural environment.

Photos and videos of poor quality alleged to depict Bigfoots are often attributed to this phenomenon,

And commonly referred to as blobsquatch.

A majority of mainstream scientists maintain that the source of the sounds often attributed to Bigfoot are either hoaxes,

Anthropomorphization,

Or likely misidentified and produced by known animals,

Such as owl,

Wolf,

Coyote,

And fox.

Both Bigfoot believers and non-believers agree that many reported sightings are hoaxes.

Bigfoot proponents Grover Krantz and Jeffrey H.

Bourne both believe that Bigfoot could be a relic population of the extinct southern Asian ape species Gigantopithecus blackeye.

According to Bourne,

G.

Blackeye may have followed the many other species of animals that migrated across the Bering land bridge to the Americas.

To date,

No Gigantopithecus fossils have been found in the Americas.

In Asia,

The only recovered fossils have been of mandibles and teeth,

Leaving uncertainty about G.

Blackeye's locomotion.

Krantz has argued that G.

Blackeye could have been bipedal,

Based on his extrapolation from a shape of its mandible.

However,

The relevant part of the mandible is not present in any fossils.

The consensus view is that G.

Blackeye was quadrupedal,

As its enormous mass would have made it difficult for it to adopt a bipedal gait.

Anthropologist Matt Cartmill criticizes the G.

Blackeye hypothesis.

The trouble with this account is that Gigantopithecus was not a hominin,

And maybe not even a crown group hominid.

Yet the physical evidence implies that Bigfoot is an upright biped with buttocks and a long,

Stout,

Permanently adducted helix.

These are hominin autopomorphies,

Not found in other mammals or other bipeds.

It seems unlikely that Gigantopithecus would have evolved these uniquely hominin traits in parallel.

Paleoanthropologist Bernard G.

Campbell writes,

The Gigantopithecus is in fact extinct as been questioned by those who believe in it survives as the Yeti of the Himalayas and the Sasquatch of the northwest American coast.

But the evidence for these creatures is not convincing.

Primatologist John R.

Napier and anthropologist Gordon Strausenberg have suggested a species of Paranthropus as a possible candidate for Bigfoot's identity,

Such as Paranthropus robustus,

With its gorilla-like crested skull and bipedal gait,

Despite the fact that the fossils of Paranthropus are found only in Africa.

Michael Rugg of the Bigfoot Discovery Museum presented a comparison between human Gigantopithecus and Meganthropus skulls in episodes 131 and 132 of the Bigfoot Discovery Museum show.

Bigfoot enthusiasts that think Bigfoot may be the missing link between apes and humans have promoted the idea that Bigfoot is a descendant of Gigantopithecus black eye,

But that ape diverged from orangutans around 12 million years ago and is not related to humans.

Some suggest Neanderthal,

Homo erectus,

Or Homo heidelbergensis is to be the creature,

But like all other great apes,

No remains of any of those species has been found in the Americas.

The expert consensus is that allegations of the existence of Bigfoot are not credible.

Belief in the existence of such a large ape-like creature is more often attributed to hoaxes,

Confusion,

Or delusion rather than the sightings of a genuine creature.

In a 1996 USA Today article,

Washington State zoologist John Crane said,

There's no such thing as Bigfoot.

No data other than material that's clearly been fabricated has ever been presented.

The author of one review article states that,

In their opinion,

It is impossible even to consider cryptozoology a science if it continues to consider Bigfoot seriously.

As with other similar beings,

Climate and food supply issues would make such creatures' survival in reported habitats unlikely.

Bigfoot is alleged to live in regions unusual for a large non-human primate,

I.

E.

Temperate latitudes in the northern hemisphere.

All recognized non-human apes are found in the tropics of Africa and Asia.

Great apes have not been found in the fossil record in the Americas,

And no Bigfoot remains are known to have been found.

Philip Stevens,

A cultural anthropologist at the University of Buffalo,

Summarized the scientific consensus as follows,

It defies all logic that there is a population of these things sufficient to keep them going.

What it takes to maintain any species,

Especially a long-lived species,

Is having a breeding population.

That requires a substantial number,

Spread out over a fairly wide area,

Where they can find sufficient food and shelter to keep hidden from all the investigators.

In the 1970s,

When Bigfoot experts were frequently given high-profile media coverage,

MacLeod writes that the scientific community generally avoided lending credence to such fringe theories by refusing even to debate them.

Primatologist Jane Goodall was asked for her personal opinion of Bigfoot in a 2002 interview on National Public Radio's Science Friday.

Goodall responded saying,

Well,

Now you will be amazed when I tell you that I'm sure that they exist.

She later added,

Well,

I'm a romantic,

So I always wanted them to exist.

And,

Of course,

The big criticism of all of this is,

Where's the body?

You know,

Why isn't there a body?

Can't answer that.

And maybe they don't exist.

But I want them to.

In 2012,

When asked again by the Huffington Post,

Goodall said,

I'm fascinated and would actually love them to exist,

Adding,

Of course it's tragic that there has never been a single authentic hide or hair of the Bigfoot,

But I've read all the accounts.

Paleontologist and author Darren Naish states in a 2016 article for Scientific American that if Bigfoot existed,

An abundance of evidence would also exist that cannot be found anywhere today,

Making the existence of such a creature exceedingly unlikely.

Naish summarizes the evidence for Bigfoot that would exist if the creature itself existed.

If Bigfoot existed,

So would consistent reports of uniform vocalizations throughout North America,

As can be identified for any existing large animal in the region,

Rather than the scattered and widely varied Bigfoot sounds apparently reported.

If Bigfoot existed,

So would many tracks that would be easy for experts to find,

Just as they easily find tracks for other rare megafauna in North America,

Rather than a complete lack of such tracks alongside tracks that experts agree are fraudulent.

Finally,

If Bigfoot existed,

An abundance of Bigfoot DNA would already have been found,

Again as it has been found for similar animals,

Instead of the current state of affairs where there is no confirmed DNA for such a creature whatsoever.

One study was conducted by John Napier and published in his book Bigfoot,

The Yeti and Sasquatch in Myth and Reality in 1973.

Napier wrote that if a conclusion is to be reached based on scant extant hard evidence,

Science must declare Bigfoot does not exist.

However,

He found it difficult to entirely reject thousands of alleged tracks,

Scattered over 125,

000 square miles,

Or to dismiss all the many hundreds of eyewitness accounts.

Napier concluded,

I'm convinced that Sasquatch exists,

But whether it is all that it is cracked up to be is another matter altogether.

There must be something in Northwest America that needs explaining,

And that something leaves man-like footprints.

In 1974,

The National Wildlife Federation funded a field study seeking Bigfoot evidence.

No formal federation members were involved,

And the study made no notable discoveries.

Also in 1974,

The now-defunct North American Wildlife Research Team instructed a Bigfoot trap in the Rogue River Siskiyou National Forest.

It was baited with animal carcasses and captured multiple bears,

But no Bigfoot.

Upkeep of the trap ended in the early 1980s,

But in 2006 the United States Forest Service repaired the trap,

Which today is a tourist destination along the Collings Mountain hiking trail.

Beginning in the late 1970s,

Physical anthropologist Grover Krantz published several articles and four book-length treatments of Bigfoot.

However,

His work was found to contain multiple scientific failings,

Including falling for hoaxes.

A study published in the Journal of Biogeography in 2009 by J.

D.

Lozier et al.

Used ecological niche modeling on reporting sightings of Bigfoot,

Using their locations to infer preferred ecological parameters.

They found a very close match with the ecological parameters of the American black bear.

They also note that an upright bear looks much like a Bigfoot's purported appearance,

And consider it highly improbable that two species should have very similar ecological preferences,

Including that Bigfoot sightings are likely misidentified sightings of black bears.

In the first systematic genetic analysis of 30 hair samples that were suspected to be from Bigfoot-like creatures,

Only one was found to be primate in origin,

And that was identified as human.

A joint study by the University of Oxford and Lausanne's Continental Museum of Zoology and published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B in 2014,

The team used a previously published cleaning method to remove all surface contamination and the ribosomal mitochondrial DNA 12s fragment of the sample.

The sample was sequenced and then compared to genbang to identify the species origin.

The samples submitted were from different parts of the world,

Including the United States,

Russia,

The Himalayas,

And Sumatra.

Other than one sample of human origin,

All but two are from common animals.

Black and brown bears accounted for most of the samples.

Other animals include cow,

Horse,

Dog,

Wolf,

Coyote,

Sheep,

Goat,

Deer,

Raccoon,

Porcupine,

And tapir.

The last two samples were thought to match a fossilized genetic sample of a 40,

000-year-old polar bear of the Pleistocene epoch.

A second test identified these hairs as being from a rare type of brown bear.

In 2019,

The FBI declassified an analysis they conducted on alleged Bigfoot hairs in 1976.

Bigfoot researcher Peter Byrne sent the FBI 15 hairs attached to a small skin fragment and asked if the Bureau could assist him in identifying it.

Jay Cochran,

Jr.

,

Assistant director of the FBI's Scientific and Technical Services Division,

Responded in 1977 that the hairs were of deer family origin.

Reviews

I keep waking in the early hours, unable to get back to sleep. I found this very interesting and after I had listened to it all, I fell asleep.

So interesting! Maybe you can do one about the Jersey devil if there’s enough on Wikipedia. 😁
Thank you, Benjamin! 😻